Explain STLC with an example



STLC, or Software Testing Life Cycle, is a set of processes and activities that guide the testing of software applications. The primary goal of STLC is to ensure that the software meets the specified requirements, functions as intended, and is of high quality. STLC is an integral part of the broader Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Here's an explanation of each phase of STLC along with an example using the development of a mobile banking application:

  1. Requirement Analysis:

    • Objective: Understand and analyze the testing requirements based on the software requirements specification.
    • Example: For the mobile banking application, testers analyze the requirements related to user authentication, fund transfers, balance inquiries, and other features that need testing.

  2. Test Planning:

    • Objective: Develop a comprehensive test plan outlining the testing strategy, scope, resources, schedule, and test environment.
    • Example: The test plan for the mobile banking application defines the testing scope, such as testing on different mobile devices and operating systems, specifying the types of testing (functional, security, performance), and outlining the test schedule.

  3. Test Design:

    • Objective: Create detailed test cases and test scripts based on the requirements and design specifications.
    • Example: Test designers create test cases for scenarios like logging into the mobile app, transferring funds between accounts, checking account balances, and handling various error conditions.

  4. Test Environment Setup:

    • Objective: Establish the testing infrastructure, including hardware, software, and network configurations.
    • Example: Setting up the test environment involves configuring mobile devices (emulators or physical devices), installing the mobile banking application, and ensuring network connectivity for testing different scenarios.

  5. Test Execution:

    • Objective: Execute the test cases and document the results.
    • Example: Testers run the test cases on the mobile banking application, recording whether each test case passes or fails. They may also document any defects found during the testing process.

  6. Defect Reporting and Tracking:

    • Objective: Report and track defects found during testing to resolution.
    • Example: If a tester discovers a defect, such as an issue with the fund transfer feature, they document it in a defect tracking system. The development team then works to address and fix the reported defects.

  7. Test Closure:

    • Objective: Evaluate whether the testing objectives have been met and prepare the test closure report.
    • Example: After completing testing for the mobile banking application, the testing team reviews the test results and assesses whether the application meets the quality criteria. The test closure report summarizes the testing activities and outcomes.

Throughout the STLC, communication and collaboration between the testing team and other stakeholders, including developers and business analysts, are crucial for ensuring the effectiveness of the testing process. STLC is often an iterative process, with testing activities occurring in parallel with the development phases of the SDLC.


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